Preparing for Joint Replacement Surgery and Post-Operative Recovery
Regardless of whether the surgery is relatively straightforward or complex, the surgeon will discuss details of the procedure, explain the associated potential risks and provide advice on how to prepare for the operation and subsequent recovery. In the case of a joint replacement (arthroplasty), pre-operative education regarding preparation and recovery can be crucial for a successful outcome.
Since the first attempts to replace a damaged joint, technological advances have vastly improved surgical techniques and the performance of prosthetic joints. However, the long-term success of these potentially life-changing procedures depends on the patient adhering strictly to the specialist’s advice.
Things to Do Before a Joint Replacement
Persistent and worsening joint pain that no longer responds to anti-inflammatory medication and analgaesics are signs surgery might be necessary. If confirmed by X-ray, other medical imaging options or arthroscopy, these are the things you need to do before the big day:
- Preparing yourself: While the problem may lie with your hip or knee, attending to your general health before the surgery is essential. Focus on the following:
- The surgery and recovery are taxing, so you must be fit. A physiotherapist will advise you about exercises that will strengthen your muscles without putting undue strain on your joints.
- If you smoke, you will need to quit or cut down, as smoking can affect blood circulation, slow the healing process and could leave you more prone to infection.
- If you are overweight, this may have contributed to your joint problem and could place undue strain on the prosthetic replacement. Seek help from your doctors about a suitable weight-loss diet. If you don’t, your surgeon might need to postpone your procedure.
- Preparing your home: Soon after your op, you will be encouraged to stand and walk, but your mobility will likely remain limited for the first few weeks. You may need a walking aid and will be unable to perform specific tasks for a while, so:
- If you live in a duplex or an apartment above ground level, have someone set up a bed downstairs to avoid climbing stairs till you are given the go-ahead.
- Ensure you have enough provisions at home before your op, and arrange for someone to shop for you if you live alone.
- Remove any loose rugs and other items that might pose a trip hazard, and consider a grip bar or seat in your shower.
After Your Joint Replacement
Individual cases vary, but most patients can go home one to three days after a hip or knee joint replacement. You will need to continue pain medication and avoid vigorous activities for a while. Patients are generally advised to do the following to speed recovery:
- Walk daily for as long as you feel comfortable.
- Stick to the exercise routine your physiotherapist recommends.
- Avoid lifting heavy objects.
- Avoid sitting still for long periods, and don’t cross your legs while seated.
- Wait for your doctor’s approval before driving.
- Stick to your healthy pre-op diet.
Your surgeon and physiotherapist will have more recommendations. However, one sound suggestion is to contact Dr Jan de Vos, a leading Pretoria hip and knee surgeon, to assess whether your persistently painful and swollen hip or knee may indicate the need for a joint replacement.
